{"id":53083,"date":"2026-02-05T16:02:34","date_gmt":"2026-02-05T15:02:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/?p=53083"},"modified":"2026-02-05T16:09:17","modified_gmt":"2026-02-05T15:09:17","slug":"avoidable-pain-preventable-complications-what-modified-seldinger-technique-can-brings-to-neonatal-intensive-care-units","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/avoidable-pain-preventable-complications-what-modified-seldinger-technique-can-brings-to-neonatal-intensive-care-units\/","title":{"rendered":"Avoidable Pain,\u00a0preventable Complications:\u00a0\u00a0What\u00a0Modified\u00a0Seldinger\u00a0Technique can\u00a0brings\u00a0to Neonatal Intensive Care Units"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In&nbsp;Neonatal&nbsp;Intensive&nbsp;Care&nbsp;Units (NICUs),&nbsp;vascular access is not optional,&nbsp;it\u2019s&nbsp;essential. Over 85% of NICU patients require some form of&nbsp;Vascular&nbsp;Access&nbsp;(VA)&nbsp;during their stay. Yet, the choice of device and insertion technique can dramatically affect outcomes. Repeated failed attempts, high complication rates, and vein depletion are common issues when conventional methods are used.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is not only a clinical problem but also a problem of excessive variation between operators.&nbsp;Every failed attempt means more pain for the baby, more stress for the care team, and more anxiety for the parents. So how do we fix this?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Solution: Modified&nbsp;Seldinger&nbsp;Technique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>During the<a href=\"https:\/\/learning.campusvygon.com\/courses\/neonatal-vascular-access-and-the-use-of-the-modified-seldinger-technique-24000736-24012261?edicion=24000794&amp;tab=info\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/learning.campusvygon.com\/courses\/neonatal-vascular-access-and-the-use-of-the-modified-seldinger-technique-24000736-24012261?edicion=24000794&amp;tab=info\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">&nbsp;webinar&nbsp;led by Roland van Rens<\/a>, a leading expert in neonatal vascular access, the Modified&nbsp;Seldinger&nbsp;Technique (MST) was presented as a transformative solution. MST uses a micro-puncture needle, a soft guidewire, and a dilator to insert the catheter with minimal trauma and maximum precision.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike traditional methods,&nbsp;where catheters are inserted directly through&nbsp;Short&nbsp;Peripheral&nbsp;Catheter&nbsp;(SPC)&nbsp;or steel or plastic splitable introducers;&nbsp;MST allows for a more controlled and less&nbsp;traumatic&nbsp;approach.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;especially suited for fragile neonatal veins and is compatible with ultrasound guidance, improving accuracy and safety.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What MST Helps Us Avoid<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Using&nbsp;inappropriate techniques can lead to a cascade of complications:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infiltration and extravasation<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infections<\/strong>, especially when cannulas cannot be removed&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Occlusions<\/strong>, particularly in thinner neonatal PICCs&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Accidental removals<\/strong>&nbsp;due to poor fixation&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Catheter damage<\/strong>&nbsp;from steel needles&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pain and stress<\/strong>&nbsp;for both patients and&nbsp;healthcare professionals&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If we&nbsp;don\u2019t&nbsp;carefully choose our VA devices and our methods to insert VA devices, we might create a&nbsp;<strong>Difficult Intravenous Access<\/strong>&nbsp;(DIVA)&nbsp;patient,&nbsp;where veins are depleted and access becomes increasingly difficult. This not only compromises care but also increases costs and emotional strain.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MST significantly reduces these risks.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;less&nbsp;traumatic,&nbsp;more precise, and allows for longer catheter dwell times, meaning fewer procedures and less discomfort.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Backed by Data: Evidence That Validates MST<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The MST&nbsp;isn\u2019t&nbsp;just a promising&nbsp;innovation,&nbsp;it\u2019s&nbsp;a solution grounded in robust clinical evidence. During the&nbsp;webinar, Roland van Rens presented compelling data from a large-scale retrospective cohort study conducted in a NICU in Doha, Qatar. The study spanned three years and analysed&nbsp;<strong>1,445 catheter insertions<\/strong>, comparing conventional techniques with MST using a dedicated micro-insertion kit.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Findings from the Study<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>First-Attempt Success Rate<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Conventional technique<\/strong>: 88%&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MST<\/strong>: 91%&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This improvement, though seemingly modest, is clinically significant. In neonatal care, every&nbsp;additional&nbsp;attempt increases the risk of trauma, infection, and stress for the baby. A higher first-attempt success rate means fewer punctures, less pain, and faster access to therapy.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>Complication Reduction<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Conventional technique<\/strong>: 39 complications&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MST<\/strong>: 8 complications&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The types of complications tracked included catheter damage, accidental removal, occlusions, leakage, infections, extravasation, and infiltration. MST\u2019s design&nbsp;using a micro-puncture needle and soft guidewire&nbsp;minimizes vessel trauma and reduces the likelihood of these adverse events.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>CLABSI Rate (Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Conventional technique<\/strong>: 3.45 per 1,000 catheter days&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MST<\/strong>: 1.06 per 1,000 catheter days&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This&nbsp;represents&nbsp;a&nbsp;<strong>69% reduction<\/strong>&nbsp;in bloodstream infections, a critical metric in neonatal care. Lower CLABSI rates translate to improved patient outcomes, shorter hospital&nbsp;stays and&nbsp;reduced antibiotic use.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>Catheter Longevity<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MST also contributed to longer catheter dwell times. With fewer complications and better insertion success, catheters remained functional for extended periods, reducing the need for repeated procedures and preserving venous access.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Global Validation<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;webinar&nbsp;also referenced multiple international studies that support MST\u2019s effectiveness:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Song et al. (2018)<\/strong>: Randomized controlled trial showing MST increased success rates from 65% to 83%.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gupta et al. (2021)<\/strong>: Retrospective study with 100 catheters showing fewer punctures per successful insertion.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gibb et al<\/strong>.&nbsp;<strong>(2021):<\/strong>&nbsp;Retrospective study with 57 catheters showing an increase&nbsp;of first attempt, fewer punctures per&nbsp;successful insertion and cost effectiveness.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rodriguez et al. (2023)<\/strong>: RCT showing clinical benefits, though not statistically significant.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zinni et al. (2024)<\/strong>: Prospective study reporting 100% success with no complications.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Van Rens et al. (2024)<\/strong>: The Qatar study cited above, with the largest cohort and most comprehensive outcome analysis.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These studies collectively&nbsp;demonstrate&nbsp;that MST is not only effective in controlled environments but also adaptable across diverse clinical settings.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As<a href=\"https:\/\/deming.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/deming.org\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"> W. Edwards Deming<\/a>:&nbsp;<em>\u201cWithout data, you\u2019re just another person with an opinion.\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;MST brings the data&nbsp;and the results&nbsp;to back up its promise.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>From Technique to Strategy: VAMP<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Implementing MST is not just about switching tools,&nbsp;it\u2019s&nbsp;about changing mindset. The&nbsp;webinar&nbsp;introduced the concept of a&nbsp;<strong>Vascular Access Management Plan (VAMP)<\/strong>, built on the \u201c7 Rights of Neonatal Vascular Access\u201d:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d508a827cbd&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69d508a827cbd\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/01\/infography-7-rights-of-VA-1024x576.png\" alt=\"Infographic illustrating the 7 Rights of Vascular Access: right patient, right care team, right device for intended therapy, right blood vessel for device and therapy, right care of infusion and device, right duration of therapy and device removal, and right comfort measures.\" class=\"wp-image-53180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/01\/infography-7-rights-of-VA-980x551.png 980w, https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/01\/infography-7-rights-of-VA-480x270.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The 7 Rights of Vascular Access: A comprehensive guide to ensure safe, effective, and patient-centered vascular access management.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This proactive approach replaces reactive decisions made only when a catheter fails. With&nbsp;a global approach and a structured&nbsp;VAMP, teams can&nbsp;anticipate&nbsp;access needs, reduce complications, and improve the overall experience for patients, families, and&nbsp;healthcare professionals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:53px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Training and Teamwork: The Key to Success<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>MST requires proper training.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;not enough to have the right kit. You need the right skills. The&nbsp;webinar&nbsp;emphasized the importance of:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Standardized training programs&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hands-on&nbsp;training&nbsp;simulation&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Visualization&nbsp;of&nbsp;veins&nbsp;using&nbsp;ultrasound&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A dedicated&nbsp;<strong>vascular access team<\/strong>&nbsp;including nurses, neonatologists, educators, and even parents&nbsp;can&nbsp;facilitate&nbsp;training,&nbsp;monitor&nbsp;outcomes, and drive continuous improvement.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another study showed that introducing a specialized n-PICC team increased first-attempt success rates from 58.6% to 67.2%, and overall success from 81.7% to 97.6%. Therapy failure rates dropped from 7.4% to 4.8%.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What You Can Do Today<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you work in neonatal care,&nbsp;here\u2019s&nbsp;how you can start making a difference:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Evaluate your current practice<\/strong>: How many attempts does it take to insert a catheter? What complications are you seeing?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Train your team<\/strong>: Organize MST workshops and simulations.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Implement MST<\/strong>: Use neonatal-specific kits and follow the step-by-step protocol.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Design a VAMP for each patient<\/strong>:&nbsp;Plan ahead&nbsp;instead of reacting to failures.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Share your results<\/strong>: Track your data and celebrate improvements.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As W. Edwards Deming said:&nbsp;<em>\u201cIt\u2019s not enough to do your best; you must know what to do, and then do your best.\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MST is more than a technique,\u00a0it\u2019s\u00a0a movement toward safer, smarter, and more compassionate neonatal care.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/learning.campusvygon.com\/courses\/neonatal-vascular-access-and-the-use-of-the-modified-seldinger-technique-24000736-24012261?edicion=24000794&amp;tab=info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"625\" src=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/01\/register-now.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-53297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/01\/register-now.jpg 500w, https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/01\/register-now-480x600.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 500px, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>References<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Legemaat&nbsp;M, Carr PJ, van Rens RM, van Dijk M, Poslawsky IE, van den&nbsp;Hoogen&nbsp;A.\u202f<em>Peripheral intravenous cannulation: complication rates in the neonatal population: a multicenter observational study<\/em>.&nbsp;J&nbsp;Vasc&nbsp;Access. (2016) 17(4):360\u20135.&nbsp;doi: 10.5301\/jva.50005582025-10&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Odom B, Lowe L, Yates C.\u202f<em>Peripheral infiltration and&nbsp;extravasation&nbsp;injury&nbsp;methodology: a retrospective study<\/em>. J&nbsp;Infus&nbsp;Nurs. (2018) 41(4):247\u201352.&nbsp;doi: 10.1097\/NAN.00000000000002872025-10&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Van&nbsp;Rens&nbsp;MFPT,&nbsp;Hugill&nbsp;K,&nbsp;Mahmah&nbsp;MA, et al.\u202f<em>Evaluation of unmodifiable and potentially modifiable factors affecting peripheral intravenous device-related&nbsp;complications in neonates: a retrospective observational study<\/em>.&nbsp;BMJ Open. (2021) 11(9):e047788.&nbsp;doi: 10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-0477882025-10&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bayoumi&nbsp;MAA, van&nbsp;Rens&nbsp;MFPT, Chandra P, et al.\u202f<em>Effect of implementing an&nbsp;Epicutaneo-Caval Catheter team in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit<\/em>.&nbsp;J&nbsp;Vasc&nbsp;Access. (2021) 22(2):243\u2013253.&nbsp;doi: 10.1177\/11297298209281822025-10&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Van&nbsp;Rens&nbsp;MFPT,&nbsp;Hugill&nbsp;K, van&nbsp;der&nbsp;Lee R, et al.\u202f<em>Comparing conventional and modified&nbsp;Seldinger&nbsp;techniques using a micro-insertion kit for PICC placement in neonates: a retrospective cohort study<\/em>.&nbsp;Front&nbsp;Pediatr. (2024) 12:1395395.&nbsp;doi: 10.3389\/fped.2024.13953952025-10&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Van&nbsp;Rens&nbsp;M,&nbsp;Ostroff&nbsp;M,&nbsp;Bayoumi&nbsp;MAA.\u202f<em>The Modern Role of Neonatal PICCs Subspecialty<\/em>.&nbsp;Nurs&nbsp;Crit&nbsp;Care. (2025) 30(4):e70111.&nbsp;doi: 10.1111\/nicc.701112025-10&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>McIntyre C, August D,&nbsp;Cobbald&nbsp;L, et al.\u202f<em>Neonatal Vascular Access Practice and Complications: An Observational Study of 1,375 Catheter Days<\/em>.&nbsp;J&nbsp;Perinat&nbsp;Neonatal&nbsp;Nurs. (2023) 37(4):332\u2013339.&nbsp;doi: 10.1097\/JPN.00000000000005892025-10&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D. August et al.&nbsp;<em>Peripheral&nbsp;intravenous&nbsp;catheter&nbsp;practices in&nbsp;Australian&nbsp;and New&nbsp;Zealand&nbsp;neonatal&nbsp;units: A cross-sectional&nbsp;survey<\/em>.&nbsp;Journal&nbsp;of&nbsp;Neonatal&nbsp;nursing.&nbsp;doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnn.2019.03.002.&nbsp;(2019&nbsp;October)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Van Rens MFPT, Bayoumi MAA, van de&nbsp;Hoogen&nbsp;A, et al<em>. The ABBA project (Assess Better Before Access): A retrospective cohort study of neonatal intravascular device outcomes<\/em>.\u202fFront&nbsp;Pediatr.&nbsp;2022;10:980725.&nbsp;(Published 2022 Nov 3). doi:10.3389\/fped.2022.980725&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A premature newborn\u2019s delicate hand rests gently on a soft white blanket, symbolizing vulnerability and the need for specialized neonatal intensive care and vascular access management.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":53181,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[894],"tags":[1140],"class_list":["post-53083","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neonatology","tag-modified-seldinger-technique"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53083","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/141"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53083"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53472,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53083\/revisions\/53472"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53083"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53083"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}