{"id":54160,"date":"2026-04-10T10:35:01","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T08:35:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/?p=54160"},"modified":"2026-04-10T12:53:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T10:53:30","slug":"ports-in-pediatric-which-device-to-choose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/ports-in-pediatric-which-device-to-choose\/","title":{"rendered":"Ports in\u00a0pediatric:\u00a0which device to choose?\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is&nbsp;an&nbsp;implantable port&nbsp;and why does it transform pediatric cancer care?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Every year, around 400,000 children worldwide are&nbsp;diagnosed with cancer.&nbsp;Childhood cancers&nbsp;require&nbsp;aggressive chemotherapy&nbsp;and intensive supportive care. For these demanding treatments,&nbsp;reliable central venous access becomes essential,&nbsp;and implantable ports play a crucial role.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An&nbsp;implantable port is&nbsp;a totally&nbsp;<strong>subcutaneous&nbsp;central venous access device<\/strong>&nbsp;that provides stable,&nbsp;repeated entry to a major vein, allowing&nbsp;<strong>safe administration of&nbsp;chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, blood&nbsp;transfer&nbsp;and&nbsp;antibiotics&nbsp;<\/strong>with minimized discomfort.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:52px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why it is indispensable in pediatric <a href=\"https:\/\/learning.campusvygon.com\/courses\/vyvaexperts--online---transforming-vascular-access-in-oncology-24000650-24011952?edicion=24000708&amp;tab=info\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/learning.campusvygon.com\/courses\/vyvaexperts--online---transforming-vascular-access-in-oncology-24000650-24011952?edicion=24000708&amp;tab=info\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">oncology<\/a>:<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Provides essential access&nbsp;to&nbsp;intensive chemotherapy.<\/strong>&nbsp;Ports are&nbsp;described as a&nbsp;cornerstone of supportive care, enabling&nbsp;repeated infusions&nbsp;and blood sampling that peripheral lines cannot safely sustain.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Protects fragile pediatric veins.<\/strong>&nbsp;Children\u2019s veins are&nbsp;thin&nbsp;and easily damaged, making&nbsp;longterm&nbsp;peripheral access impractical;&nbsp;implantable ports&nbsp;are&nbsp;considered the best&nbsp;option&nbsp;for chronic venous needs.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Supports multiple therapies through a single device.<\/strong>&nbsp;Ports allow chemotherapy, transfusions,&nbsp;antibiotics, fluid therapy,&nbsp;and blood sampling through one subcutaneous access point,&nbsp;reducing procedural burden.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Improves&nbsp;comfort&nbsp;and reduces&nbsp;needle trauma.<\/strong>&nbsp;By&nbsp;eliminating&nbsp;repeated venipunctures, ports significantly decrease pain&nbsp;and improve cooperation&nbsp;and overall treatment experience for children.&nbsp;(7)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Reliable safety profile.<\/strong>&nbsp;Infection&nbsp;and catheter malfunction are&nbsp;the most&nbsp;common&nbsp;complications, yet&nbsp;overall&nbsp;complication rates&nbsp;remain&nbsp;low&nbsp;and manageable when the device is properly&nbsp;maintained&nbsp;(6).&nbsp;<strong>Complication rates around 9-10%<\/strong>, with&nbsp;<strong>infection at 3.13%<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>malfunction\/obstruction at 3.13%<\/strong>&nbsp;in lower\u2011incidence settings.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Adaptable from infancy to adolescence.<\/strong>&nbsp;Ports have been successfully&nbsp;implanted in patients ranging from a few months old to late adolescence, supporting long,&nbsp;complex oncology&nbsp;journeys.<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>(1)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:53px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>When is&nbsp;an&nbsp;implantable port&nbsp;indicated&nbsp;in pediatrics:<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Planned&nbsp;longterm&nbsp;or cyclical chemotherapy<\/strong>&nbsp;requiring central venous delivery, particularly for vesicant or irritant drugs that cannot be safely administered peripherally.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A&nbsp;<strong>high frequency of venous access needs<\/strong>, including&nbsp;repeated blood sampling, transfusions, prolonged intravenous&nbsp;antibiotics, hydration, or nutritional support.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Difficulty&nbsp;obtaining or&nbsp;maintaining&nbsp;peripheral venous access because of&nbsp;<strong>small caliber<\/strong>, easily&nbsp;compromised pediatric veins or limited tolerance for&nbsp;repeated cannulation.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Treatment&nbsp;courses&nbsp;extending&nbsp;over months or years, where&nbsp;a&nbsp;fully&nbsp;implanted,&nbsp;<strong>low&nbsp;maintenance device<\/strong>&nbsp;improves&nbsp;continuity&nbsp;and&nbsp;comfort.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:52px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How do implantable ports&nbsp;compare&nbsp;to other central venous access devices?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Implantable ports (PORTs) show lower&nbsp;infection&nbsp;and&nbsp;complication rates, longer device survival,&nbsp;and fewer premature&nbsp;removals than&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs, while CVCs&nbsp;remain&nbsp;useful&nbsp;mainly for&nbsp;short&nbsp;term high&nbsp;frequency access.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Key differences:<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Intended duration:<\/strong>&nbsp;Centrally inserted CVCs are typically used for&nbsp;<strong>5-7 days<\/strong>&nbsp;(emergency, ICU).&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>External vs. internal system:<\/strong>\u00a0Tunnelled\u00a0CVCs allow needle\u2011free access but have\u00a0an\u00a0external segment, increasing infection risk\u00a0and daily maintenance needs. Ports are\u00a0<strong>fully\u00a0internal<\/strong>, offering better cosmetics\u00a0and allowing children to\u00a0<strong>continue their usual daily activities<\/strong>\u00a0without major restrictions.\u00a0(7)\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Infection risk:<\/strong>&nbsp;Tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs carry significantly&nbsp;<strong>higher systemic infection<\/strong>, while PORTs show&nbsp;<strong>lower infection incidence<\/strong>&nbsp;than&nbsp;both CVCs&nbsp;and PICCs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mechanical complications:<\/strong>&nbsp;Mechanical failure is also&nbsp;<strong>more common<\/strong>&nbsp;in&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs&nbsp;compared with PORTs.&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Premature removal:<\/strong>&nbsp;Removal for complications is&nbsp;<strong>over three times more likely<\/strong>&nbsp;in&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:51px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What advantages do implantable ports offer over other devices?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>PORTs are&nbsp;more&nbsp;cost&nbsp;effective,&nbsp;safer in&nbsp;the long&nbsp;term, easier to&nbsp;maintain,&nbsp;and strongly preferred by families.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Key advantages:<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cost effectiveness:&nbsp;<\/strong>PORTs&nbsp;cost<strong>&nbsp;\u00a3210&nbsp;<\/strong>per catheter\u2011week,&nbsp;compared with<strong>&nbsp;\u00a3257 f<\/strong>or&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs,<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>and although ports can&nbsp;have a higher upfront&nbsp;cost, their longer lifespan&nbsp;and lower&nbsp;complication rates make them more&nbsp;cost\u2011effective over the long term<strong>.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lower&nbsp;complication burden:<\/strong>&nbsp;ports&nbsp;report&nbsp;<strong>infection rates around 27%&nbsp;and<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>mechanical&nbsp;complication rates between 1-3%<\/strong>,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;tunneled CVCs experience&nbsp;<strong>15-40%&nbsp;complication\u2011related&nbsp;removals<\/strong>.&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;(5)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;<strong>Longevity:<\/strong>&nbsp;PORTs&nbsp;remain&nbsp;in place&nbsp;<strong>significantly longer<\/strong>&nbsp;than&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;<strong>Family&nbsp;preference:<\/strong>&nbsp;Parents show a&nbsp;<strong>clear&nbsp;preference<\/strong>&nbsp;for PORTs due to appearance, ease of care,&nbsp;and reduced daily restrictions.&nbsp;(7)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69da65af4e6c7&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69da65af4e6c7\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"596\" height=\"842\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/keys-advantages-in-implantable-ports.png\" alt=\"Infographic showing key advantages of implantable ports in pediatric care, including cost\u2011effectiveness over time, lower complication burden, greater longevity, and family preference compared with tunneled CVCs.\" class=\"wp-image-54195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/keys-advantages-in-implantable-ports.png 596w, https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/keys-advantages-in-implantable-ports-480x678.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 596px, 100vw\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:51px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How are&nbsp;implantable ports inserted?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ports are&nbsp;generally&nbsp;inserted&nbsp;under&nbsp;local&nbsp;anesthesia&nbsp;using minimally invasive&nbsp;ultrasound guided&nbsp;techniques performed by&nbsp;pediatric surgeons,&nbsp;anesthesists&nbsp;or interventional radiologists.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(7)&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Main insertion methods:<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Seldinger&nbsp;percutaneous approach:<\/strong>&nbsp;A safe, effective method that provides reliable access to central vessels.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ultrasound&nbsp;guided percutaneous insertion:<\/strong>&nbsp;Less invasive, associated with&nbsp;<strong>fewer complications&nbsp;and reduced bleeding<\/strong>.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"344\" height=\"228\" data-id=\"54184\" src=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/technique-seldinger.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-54184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/technique-seldinger.png 344w, https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/technique-seldinger-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 344px) 100vw, 344px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Seldinger technique demonstration for vascular access on a medical training arm.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"733\" height=\"490\" data-id=\"54185\" src=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/ultrasound-insertion.jpg\" alt=\"Ultrasound\u2011guided needle insertion for central venous access.\" class=\"wp-image-54185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/ultrasound-insertion.jpg 733w, https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/ultrasound-insertion-480x321.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 733px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ultrasound\u2011guided needle insertion for central venous access.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:55px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Complications of implantable ports in pediatric oncology&nbsp;and how&nbsp;they can&nbsp;be prevented<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are&nbsp;the mechanical&nbsp;complications?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mechanical&nbsp;complications<\/strong>&nbsp;are&nbsp;<strong>noninfectious device&nbsp;related failures<\/strong>&nbsp;that&nbsp;result from physical, structural, or technical problems with the port system itself.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most frequent&nbsp;mechanical&nbsp;issues&nbsp;are&nbsp;catheter&nbsp;obstruction\/dysfunction, leakage, migration\/dislodgement,&nbsp;pneumothorax, hematoma,&nbsp;and pinch&nbsp;off\/kinking depending on&nbsp;the access&nbsp;site.&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;(6)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Obstruction\/dysfunction<\/strong>&nbsp;(late):&nbsp;one large&nbsp;cohort documented&nbsp;<strong>catheter&nbsp;obstruction in 1.7%<\/strong>&nbsp;of cases&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>system leakage in 1%<\/strong>. These events&nbsp;reflect intraluminal occlusion, fibrin sheath formation, or catheter damage.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;(6)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Migration\/dislodgement<\/strong>:&nbsp;reported but less&nbsp;common than&nbsp;infection\/obstruction.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pneumothorax&nbsp;and pocket hematoma<\/strong>&nbsp;(early): 3%&nbsp;and 2.5% respectively in a large pediatric series.&nbsp;Both are&nbsp;strongly associated with operator experience&nbsp;and the chosen venous access&nbsp;site.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Access&nbsp;site&nbsp;dependent&nbsp;risks<\/strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Internal jugular vein:<\/strong>&nbsp;Higher risk of malposition, catheter bending,&nbsp;and blockage due to the steeper&nbsp;angle&nbsp;and catheter trajectory.&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Subclavian&nbsp;vein:<\/strong>&nbsp;Susceptible to catheter&nbsp;<strong>kinking<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>pinch&nbsp;off syndrome<\/strong>&nbsp;(compression between clavicle&nbsp;and first rib).&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Brachiocephalic vein:<\/strong>&nbsp;Ultrasound&nbsp;guided BCV access offers&nbsp;<strong>higher first&nbsp;attempt success<\/strong>, smoother catheter curvature,&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>fewer complications<\/strong>, making it increasingly preferred&nbsp;for&nbsp;children.&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:39px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are&nbsp;the&nbsp;infectious&nbsp;complications?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Infectious&nbsp;complications<\/strong>&nbsp;are&nbsp;caused by&nbsp;<strong>microbial&nbsp;contamination<\/strong>&nbsp;of the port system, including the skin entry&nbsp;site, the subcutaneous pocket, or the intra<mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color\">vascula<\/mark>r&nbsp;portion&nbsp;of the catheter.&nbsp;Infection is typically the&nbsp;<strong>most&nbsp;common<\/strong>&nbsp;overall&nbsp;complication.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;(6)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Spectrum&nbsp;and burden:<\/strong>&nbsp;In a&nbsp;single center&nbsp;pediatric&nbsp;cohort of&nbsp;<strong>474 implantations<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>27.2%<\/strong>&nbsp;developed&nbsp;infectious&nbsp;complications. Most were&nbsp;<strong>late&nbsp;infections<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>14%&nbsp;<\/strong>of all implanted children<strong>&nbsp;lost their port<\/strong>, accounting for&nbsp;<strong>53%&nbsp;<\/strong>of all&nbsp;infected ports&nbsp;requiring<strong>&nbsp;removal<\/strong>.&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Age effect:<\/strong>&nbsp;Children&nbsp;<strong>under&nbsp;5 years&nbsp;old<\/strong>&nbsp;had a significantly higher infection rate than&nbsp;older groups.&nbsp;Early&nbsp;and late infection rates&nbsp;reach&nbsp;35%, highlighting their higher susceptibility due to smaller vessel size, more&nbsp;challenging care,&nbsp;and greater immune vulnerability.&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;(6)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Risk&nbsp;vs. alternatives:<\/strong>&nbsp;Tunnelled&nbsp;external CVCs show a&nbsp;<strong>110% higher likelihood of systemic infection<\/strong>&nbsp;compared with implantable ports,&nbsp;and meta\u2011study summaries&nbsp;report lower infection incidence with PORTs than&nbsp;both&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs&nbsp;and PICCs.&nbsp;(5)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is the estimated incidence?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall&nbsp;complication rates vary by&nbsp;cohort;&nbsp;<strong>9-10%<\/strong>&nbsp;in some pediatric oncology series, but higher in others.&nbsp;Infections&nbsp;and mechanical dysfunction dominate.&nbsp;(6)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lower end:<\/strong>&nbsp;In a pediatric cancer&nbsp;cohort, the&nbsp;overall&nbsp;complication rate was&nbsp;<strong>9.38%<\/strong>, primarily driven by&nbsp;infections (<strong>3.13%<\/strong>)&nbsp;and catheter malfunction or&nbsp;obstruction (<strong>3.13%<\/strong>), supporting the&nbsp;generally favorable&nbsp;safety profile of implantable ports in routine clinical practice.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A large meta\u2011analysis including&nbsp;<strong>6,644 devices<\/strong>&nbsp;demonstrates&nbsp;that&nbsp;<strong>tunnelled&nbsp;external CVCs are&nbsp;associated with&nbsp;substantially higher&nbsp;rates of systemic&nbsp;infection, mechanical&nbsp;complications,&nbsp;and premature&nbsp;device&nbsp;removal<\/strong>,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;<strong>implantable ports&nbsp;consistently show lower&nbsp;complication rates&nbsp;and better long\u2011term durability<\/strong>. This finding&nbsp;confirms that&nbsp;most&nbsp;device\u2011related&nbsp;complications occur with&nbsp;<strong>tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs rather than&nbsp;implantable ports<\/strong>, supporting ports as the safer&nbsp;option&nbsp;for long\u2011term pediatric oncology care.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How can&nbsp;they be prevented?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Outcomes improve with&nbsp;<strong>experienced operators<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>ultrasound&nbsp;guided&nbsp;Seldinger&nbsp;techniques<\/strong>,&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>standardized&nbsp;asepsis\/maintenance<\/strong>, plus targeted&nbsp;anti-infective management when events occur.&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Technique&nbsp;and&nbsp;expertise:<\/strong>&nbsp;The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vascufirst.com\/vad-insertion\/seldinger-technique-when-to-use-classical-or-modified-method\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/vascufirst.com\/vad-insertion\/seldinger-technique-when-to-use-classical-or-modified-method\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>Seldinger<\/strong>&nbsp;method <\/a>is quick, minimally invasive,&nbsp;and safe.&nbsp;Complications&nbsp;decline as operator experience increases.&nbsp;Ultrasound&nbsp;guided percutaneous approaches&nbsp;reduce bleeding&nbsp;and&nbsp;cosmetic impact.&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Aseptic insertion&nbsp;and&nbsp;care:<\/strong>&nbsp;Rigorous asepsis, trained nursing teams,&nbsp;and standardized dressing\/flushing protocols&nbsp;lower&nbsp;infection\/malfunction.&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;(6)&nbsp;(7)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Site&nbsp;selection:<\/strong>&nbsp;Consider&nbsp;brachiocephalic&nbsp;vein&nbsp;access&nbsp;to improve success&nbsp;and lower&nbsp;mechanical risks; avoid&nbsp;subclavian&nbsp;vein&nbsp;kinking where&nbsp;feasible.&nbsp;(5)&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Therapeutic&nbsp;response:<\/strong>&nbsp;Intravenous&nbsp;anti-infective therapy resolves&nbsp;<strong>75%<\/strong>&nbsp;of catheter infections without removal in pediatric series; removal is still necessary in a&nbsp;substantial&nbsp;subset.&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;(6)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:51px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Side&nbsp;by&nbsp;side&nbsp;comparison (PORT vs.&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;external CVC vs. PICC)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>PICCs often serve as&nbsp;<strong>temporary<\/strong>&nbsp;access; the pediatric oncology evidence base&nbsp;for&nbsp;longterm&nbsp;comparisons is more&nbsp;limited than&nbsp;PORT vs&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVC.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes has-small-font-size\"><table class=\"has-white-background-color has-background has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Attribute\u00a0<\/mark><\/th><th><mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Implantable Port (PORT)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark><\/th><th><mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Tunnelled\u00a0external\u00a0CVC\u00a0<\/mark><\/th><th><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">PICC\u00a0<\/mark><\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#abb8c3\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Systemic\u00a0infection\u00a0risk\u00a0<\/mark><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Lower<\/strong>;&nbsp;meta-analysis&nbsp;shows lower odds vs&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Higher<\/strong>&nbsp;vs&nbsp;PORTs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Reported higher than&nbsp;PORTs in multicenter&nbsp;observations.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Mechanical\u00a0complications<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark><\/td><td><strong>Lower<\/strong>&nbsp;vs&nbsp;tunnelled&nbsp;CVCs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Higher<\/strong>&nbsp;vs&nbsp;PORTs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Variable:&nbsp;pediatric oncology data are&nbsp;less robust in direct&nbsp;head&nbsp;to&nbsp;head&nbsp;with PORTs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:#abb8c3\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Premature\u00a0removal<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark><\/td><td><strong>Lower<\/strong>&nbsp;(fewer&nbsp;removals)&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Higher<\/strong>&nbsp;removal rates.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Not directly pooled vs PORTs in pediatric oncology;&nbsp;observational signals suggest more&nbsp;infections than&nbsp;PORTs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Daily\u00a0care<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark><\/td><td><strong>Low<\/strong>;&nbsp;fully&nbsp;implanted, bathing\/swimming allowed.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>High<\/strong>;&nbsp;external segment increases maintenance.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Moderate:&nbsp;external&nbsp;line care&nbsp;required.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:#abb8c3\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Parent\/patient\u00a0preference<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark><\/td><td>Parents show a&nbsp;<strong>clear&nbsp;preference<\/strong>&nbsp;for&nbsp;PORTs;&nbsp;quality&nbsp;of&nbsp;care&nbsp;perceptions&nbsp;positive.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Less preferred due to visibility&nbsp;and care&nbsp;burden.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Mixed:&nbsp;often chosen for short&nbsp;term needs.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Costeffectiveness<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark><\/td><td><strong>More&nbsp;cost&nbsp;effective<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00a3210 per catheter&nbsp;week.&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u00a3257 per catheter&nbsp;week.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Not quantified in these pediatric oncology&nbsp;comparisons.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><mark style=\"background-color:#abb8c3\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Insertion<\/strong>\u00a0<\/mark><\/td><td>OR\/IR; GA;&nbsp;Seldinger; ultrasound&nbsp;guided&nbsp;percutaneous&nbsp;cosmetic&nbsp;and low&nbsp;bleeding.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>OR\/IR; GA; external exit&nbsp;site; frequent handling.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Ward\/IR placement; often bedside; for temporary access.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:51px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is the psychological impact on children&nbsp;and families,&nbsp;and why is&nbsp;education essential?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Childhood cancer carries a significant&nbsp;<strong>psychological burden<\/strong>. The presence of a port can create&nbsp;<strong>fear,&nbsp;anxiety, or trauma<\/strong>&nbsp;for both children and&nbsp;parents.&nbsp;(9)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Impact&nbsp;and rationale<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Children experiencing repeated treatments may&nbsp;suffer from&nbsp;psychological distress, fear of procedures, and heightened anxiety.&nbsp;Parents similarly&nbsp;may experience emotional trauma and uncertainty throughout the treatment&nbsp;journey.&nbsp;Education, reassurance, and continuous communication are essential to mitigate these effects. Examining the psychological impact of childhood cancer (user\u2011provided info).&nbsp;(9)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Importance of&nbsp;education<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Clear explanations of the device, its purpose, and each procedural step help reduce fear, increase cooperation, and support emotional resilience for both the child and the family.&nbsp;(7)&nbsp;(9)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The value of implantable ports in&nbsp;pediatrics<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Implantable ports are&nbsp;fully subcutaneous central venous access devices that provide stable,&nbsp;repeatable&nbsp;and safe entry into a major vein,&nbsp;an&nbsp;essential requirement for the intensive chemotherapy&nbsp;and supportive therapies children with cancer&nbsp;frequently&nbsp;need. Their design protects fragile pediatric veins, reduces needle&nbsp;related trauma,&nbsp;and allows multiple treatments to be delivered through a single, reliable access point.&nbsp;(7)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In pediatric care, implantable ports offer several advantages over external central venous catheters. They show lower&nbsp;infection&nbsp;and mechanical&nbsp;complication rates,&nbsp;remain functional for longer periods,&nbsp;and&nbsp;require&nbsp;less daily maintenance. When ports are&nbsp;placed using&nbsp;appropriate techniques&nbsp;such as ultrasound&nbsp;guided percutaneous insertion or the&nbsp;Seldinger&nbsp;method by experienced operators, the&nbsp;risk&nbsp;of&nbsp;complications, particularly&nbsp;infections, is significantly&nbsp;reduced.&nbsp;Consistent&nbsp;aseptic handling&nbsp;and proper maintenance further strengthen their safety throughout treatment.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond clinical performance, implantable ports also support the emotional and practical needs of children and their families&nbsp;(7). Their discreet design, fewer needle&nbsp;punctures&nbsp;and compatibility with normal activities like&nbsp;bathing or swimming help&nbsp;children&nbsp;maintain&nbsp;a sense of normalcy during treatment. Equally important is the guidance provided to children and parents&nbsp;(5). Clear explanations,&nbsp;reassurance&nbsp;and ongoing communication help families cope with fear,&nbsp;uncertainty&nbsp;and stress. When healthcare teams support both the medical and psychological needs of the child and family, implantable ports become not only an effective clinical tool but also a stabilizing companion throughout the pediatric cancer&nbsp;journey.&nbsp;(9)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:52px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><strong>\u202f<\/strong><strong>\u202f<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ghmaird\u202fA S, Mohammad\u202fAlnoaiji\u202fM S,\u202fAlalawi\u202fY S, et al. (August 23, 2021) Port-a-Cath Insertion in\u202fPediatric\u202fPatients\u202fWith\u202fMalignancy in Tabuk.\u202fCureus\u202f13(8): e17379. DOI 10.7759\/cureus.17379\u202f&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Esfahani H,\u202fGhorbanpor\u202fM, Tanasan&nbsp;A. Implantable Port Devices,&nbsp;Complications&nbsp;and outcome in\u202fPediatric\u202fCancer, a&nbsp;Retrospective Study. Iran&nbsp;J Ped\u202fHematol\u202fOncol. 2016;6(1):1-8.\u202fEpub\u202f2016 Mar 15. PMID: 27222696; PMCID: PMC4867165.\u202f&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sosnowska-Sienkiewicz P,\u202fMorycin\u00b4 ski S, Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska D, Michalik K, Madziar K,\u202fKukfisz\u202fA,\u202fZielin\u00b4 ska D&nbsp;and Man\u00b4\u202fkowski\u202fP (2024) Totally implantable venous ports in infants&nbsp;and children: a single-center\u202fretrospective study of indications&nbsp;and safety.\u202f&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Front. Oncol. 14:1351630.\u202fdoi: 10.3389\/fonc.2024.1351630\u202f&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Neville JJ, Aye HM, Hall NJ.\u202fArch Dis Child\u202f2023;108:975\u2013981\u202f\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"6\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zhang S, Xiao Z, Yang F.&nbsp;Analysis of&nbsp;related&nbsp;complications of\u202ftotally implantable\u202fvenous access ports in children\u2019s chemotherapy\u2014single\u202fcenter\u202fexperience. Medicine\u202f2022;101:27(e29899).\u202f&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"7\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mrs. Menaka Raghuraman. \u201cPort-a- Cath &#8211; A friendly partner in the care&nbsp;of child with cancer, A Case&nbsp;presentation.\u201d\u202f<em>IOSR Journal of Nursing&nbsp;and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS)<\/em>, 10(2), 2021, pp. 23-30.\u202f&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"8\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ding W, Qiu L, Li T, et al.\u202fUltrasound-guided\u202ftotally implantable\u202fvenous access ports placement via right\u00a0brachiocephalic vein in\u202fpediatric\u202fpopulation: A clinical debut.\u202f<em>Pediatr\u202fBlood Cancer<\/em>. 2022;69:e29911.\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.29911\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.29911<\/a>\u202f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00a0 American\u00a0Psychological Association. (2023, October 3).\u202f<em>Examining the psychological impact of childhood cancer.<\/em>\u202fhttps:\/\/www.apa.org\/topics\/children\/cancer-psychological-impact\u202f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is&nbsp;an&nbsp;implantable port&nbsp;and why does it transform pediatric cancer care? Every year, around 400,000 children worldwide are&nbsp;diagnosed with cancer.&nbsp;Childhood cancers&nbsp;require&nbsp;aggressive chemotherapy&nbsp;and intensive supportive care. For these demanding treatments,&nbsp;reliable central venous access becomes essential,&nbsp;and implantable ports play a crucial role.&nbsp;(1)&nbsp; An&nbsp;implantable port is&nbsp;a totally&nbsp;subcutaneous&nbsp;central venous access device&nbsp;that provides stable,&nbsp;repeated entry to a major vein, allowing&nbsp;safe administration [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":249,"featured_media":54186,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[80,844],"tags":[1161,870],"class_list":["post-54160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-vascular-access","tag-pediatric-care","tag-vascular-access"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/249"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54160"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54201,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54160\/revisions\/54201"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/54186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}