{"id":54205,"date":"2026-03-19T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/?p=54205"},"modified":"2026-04-15T17:43:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T15:43:21","slug":"administration-de-surfactant-insure-vs-lisa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/administration-de-surfactant-insure-vs-lisa\/?lang=fr","title":{"rendered":"Administration de surfactant : INSURE vs LISA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Chaque jour, dans les unit\u00e9s de soins intensifs n\u00e9onatals, les cliniciens sont confront\u00e9s au d\u00e9fi de soutenir le syst\u00e8me respiratoire fragile des pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s. L&#8217;une des d\u00e9cisions les plus critiques consiste \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer comment administrer le surfactant, un choix qui influence directement les r\u00e9sultats tels que l&#8217;exposition \u00e0 la ventilation m\u00e9canique, les l\u00e9sions pulmonaires et la sant\u00e9 respiratoire. Avec l&#8217;\u00e9volution des donn\u00e9es scientifiques et l&#8217;adoption croissante d&#8217;approches moins invasives, il n&#8217;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi essentiel de comprendre les diff\u00e9rences entre la m\u00e9thode LISA et la m\u00e9thode INSURE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cet article s&#8217;appuie sur une s\u00e9lection de sources scientifiques r\u00e9centes, notamment des recommandations internationales, des \u00e9tudes cliniques et des revues syst\u00e9matiques comparant les m\u00e9thodes LISA et INSURE. Il synth\u00e9tise les donn\u00e9es issues de multiples publications \u00e9valu\u00e9es par des pairs sans les d\u00e9tailler individuellement, garantissant ainsi une perspective \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e, fiable et orient\u00e9e vers la pratique pour les professionnels de sant\u00e9 n\u00e9onatals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9finition du syndrome de d\u00e9tresse respiratoire (SDR)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le syndrome de d\u00e9tresse respiratoire (SDR) reste <strong>l\u2019une des principales causes de morbidit\u00e9 et <\/strong>de<strong> mortalit\u00e9 <\/strong>chez les pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s. Son incidence augmente fortement avec la diminution de l\u2019\u00e2ge gestationnel, touchant environ 90 % des nourrissons \u00e0 24 semaines et 80 % \u00e0 28 semaines de gestation<sup>1<\/sup>. Il r\u00e9sulte d\u2019<strong>un affaissement alv\u00e9olaire caus\u00e9 par l\u2019immaturit\u00e9 pulmonaire <\/strong>et <strong>une d\u00e9ficience en surfactant<\/strong>, les signes cliniques apparaissant dans les minutes ou les heures suivant la naissance<sup>2<\/sup>. Nous comprenons donc que le traitement par surfactant joue un r\u00f4le essentiel dans la prise en charge du SDR, ce qui rend importante la compr\u00e9hension du m\u00e9canisme de synth\u00e8se du surfactant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Importance du traitement par surfactant<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La production de surfactant <strong>commence vers la 26e semaine de gestation <\/strong>et <strong>augmente<\/strong> progressivement <strong>jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 la naissance. <\/strong>Ce processus \u00e9tant encore incomplet chez les pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s, une grande majorit\u00e9 d&#8217;entre eux naissent avec une d\u00e9ficience en surfactant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;administration de surfactant exog\u00e8ne joue un r\u00f4le crucial dans le r\u00e9tablissement de la fonction respiratoire en <strong>r\u00e9duisant la tension superficielle alv\u00e9olaire<\/strong>, en am\u00e9liorant la compliance pulmonaire, en pr\u00e9venant l&#8217;at\u00e9lectasie et en am\u00e9liorant l&#8217;oxyg\u00e9nation<sup>3<\/sup>. L&#8217;introduction du traitement par surfactant a consid\u00e9rablement <strong>augment\u00e9 les taux de survie<\/strong>, r\u00e9duit l&#8217;incidence du <strong>pneumothorax <\/strong>et <strong>de la dysplasie bronchopulmonaire (DBP)<\/strong>, et permis des strat\u00e9gies de ventilation plus courtes et moins agressives. L&#8217;administration pr\u00e9coce de surfactant est particuli\u00e8rement b\u00e9n\u00e9fique chez les pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s extr\u00eames<sup>1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9mergence de techniques d&#8217;administration de surfactant moins invasives<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les m\u00e9thodes traditionnelles reposent depuis longtemps sur l&#8217;intubation et la ventilation m\u00e9canique, qui, bien qu&#8217;efficaces pour l&#8217;administration du surfactant, comportent des risques de volotraumatisme, de barotraumatisme et de DBP<sup>4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour r\u00e9duire les complications li\u00e9es \u00e0 la ventilation invasive, deux strat\u00e9gies principales ont vu le jour<sup>3<\/sup>. La technique <strong>INSURE (Intubate\u2013Surfactant\u2013Extubate)<\/strong>, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e dans les ann\u00e9es 1990, suivie de la m\u00e9thode <strong>LISA (Less Invasive Surfactant Administration) <\/strong>dans les ann\u00e9es 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces deux approches visent \u00e0 <strong>minimiser le recours \u00e0 la ventilation m\u00e9canique <\/strong>pendant les premi\u00e8res phases de la prise en charge du SDR<sup>5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La m\u00e9thode INSURE : d\u00e9finition et consid\u00e9rations pratiques<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La m\u00e9thode INSURE consiste en <strong>une intubation de courte dur\u00e9e avec administration du surfactant via la sonde endotrach\u00e9ale<\/strong>, suivie d&#8217;une extubation rapide<sup>2<\/sup>. \u00c9tant fond\u00e9e sur une pratique de gestion des voies respiratoires bien connue, la m\u00e9thode INSURE reste <strong>relativement simple pour les \u00e9quipes cliniques <\/strong>exp\u00e9riment\u00e9es en intubation n\u00e9onatale. Elle permet \u00e9galement une administration fiable du surfactant, puisque le bon positionnement de la sonde endotrach\u00e9ale peut \u00eatre v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 avant l&#8217;administration<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cependant, la m\u00e9thode INSURE pr\u00e9sente les inconv\u00e9nients inh\u00e9rents \u00e0 toute <strong>approche reposant sur l&#8217;intubation<\/strong>. Les protocoles de certains h\u00f4pitaux peuvent exiger une ventilation au masque et ballon, pouvant accro\u00eetre le risque de l\u00e9sion pulmonaire induite par la ventilation<sup>2<\/sup>. Dans la pratique, les cliniciens ont plus souvent recours \u00e0 des cath\u00e9ters ou \u00e0 des sondes d&#8217;alimentation introduits par la sonde endotrach\u00e9ale, <strong>une utilisation abusive largement r\u00e9pandue malgr\u00e9 l&#8217;existence de tubes endotrach\u00e9aux sp\u00e9cifiques dot\u00e9s d\u2019une voie lat\u00e9rale <\/strong>et con\u00e7us pour l&#8217;administration de surfactant. Cette m\u00e9thode entra\u00eene une interruption temporaire de la ventilation afin d\u2019introduire le cath\u00e9ter ou la sonde utilis\u00e9e pour administrer le surfactant \u00e0 travers la sonde endotrach\u00e9ale. De plus, la technique peut \u00e9galement n\u00e9cessiter <strong>l&#8217;utilisation de pinces de Magill <\/strong>pour guider la sonde endotrach\u00e9ale lors de sa mise en place, ce qui peut compliquer davantage la proc\u00e9dure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La m\u00e9thode LISA : d\u00e9finition et consid\u00e9rations pratiques<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En maintenant une ventilation non invasive tout au long de la proc\u00e9dure, <strong>la m\u00e9thode LISA \u00e9vite l\u2019insertion d\u2019une sonde endotrach\u00e9ale <\/strong>et <strong>pr\u00e9serve la respiration spontan\u00e9e et physiologique du nourrisson<\/strong>. Cette approche <strong>s\u2019inscrit pleinement dans les recommandations actuelles <\/strong>qui privil\u00e9gient la ventilation non invasive pendant la transition postnatale chez les nouveau-n\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s. <strong>Des dispositifs sp\u00e9cialement con\u00e7us pour la m\u00e9thode LISA <\/strong>permettent l&#8217;administration de surfactant sans pose de sonde endotrach\u00e9ale, et la proc\u00e9dure elle-m\u00eame suit une s\u00e9quence simple : visualisation de la glotte, insertion du cath\u00e9ter fin dans la trach\u00e9e, administration du surfactant, utilisation d&#8217;air pour expulser tout r\u00e9sidu de surfactant restant dans le cath\u00e9ter fin, puis retrait de celui-ci. Les donn\u00e9es sugg\u00e8rent \u00e9galement que la LISA favorise une <strong>distribution homog\u00e8ne du surfactant dans les poumons<\/strong>, offrant ainsi un bon effet th\u00e9rapeutique<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que cette technique puisse \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme moins complexe que l&#8217;intubation, les professionnels de sant\u00e9 doivent n\u00e9anmoins r\u00e9aliser une laryngoscopie et disposer d\u2019une formation adapt\u00e9e. Par ailleurs, la m\u00e9thode doit \u00eatre pleinement int\u00e9gr\u00e9e au sein de l\u2019unit\u00e9 afin de permettre aux \u00e9quipes de l\u2019utiliser en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de mani\u00e8re efficace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec la m\u00e9thode LISA, la fr\u00e9quence des intubations n\u00e9onatales en pratique courante diminue, ce qui rend l\u2019apprentissage et le maintien de cette comp\u00e9tence plus difficiles pour les \u00e9quipes cliniques, un facteur pouvant freiner sa mise en \u0153uvre compl\u00e8te<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"ntb_table_wrapper ninja_table_builder_instance_0\"\n     id='ninja_table_builder_54209'\n     data-ninja_table_builder_instance=\"ninja_table_builder_instance_0\"\n     style=\"\n     max-height:1500px;\n     max-width: 1500px;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\">\n    <table id=\"ntb_table\" role=\"table\" class=\"table ninja_tables_builder_class_54209 ntb_54209\" style=\"margin: 0px auto; table-layout: fixed; border-collapse: separate; border: 0px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: inherit; border-spacing: 7px;\"><tbody class=\"tbody\"><tr class=\"desktop-view tr_class_2078727\" id=\"tr_id_2078727\" data-draggable=\"true\" style=\"background: rgb(0, 65, 51);\"><td id=\"td_id_01070807\" class=\"td_class_01070807 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px;\"><div id=\"cell_01070807\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 2px 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 20px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_0\" spellcheck=\"false\">INSURE<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_88770870\" class=\"td_class_88770870 table-data\" rowspan=\"0\" colspan=\"0\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; display: none;\"><div id=\"cell_88770870\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"placeholder hover-item mce-content-body\" id=\"mce_2\" style=\"padding: 2px 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 0.4; line-height: 1.2;\" spellcheck=\"false\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_77777788\" class=\"td_class_77777788 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px;\"><div id=\"cell_77777788\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 2px 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 20px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_3\" spellcheck=\"false\">LISA\/MIST<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_27877877\" class=\"td_class_27877877 table-data\" rowspan=\"0\" colspan=\"0\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; display: none;\"><div id=\"cell_27877877\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" id=\"mce_4\" style=\"padding: 2px 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 20px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" spellcheck=\"false\">LISA\/MIST<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"desktop-view tr_class_6332953\" id=\"tr_id_6332953\" data-draggable=\"true\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><td id=\"td_id_96950391\" class=\"td_class_96950391 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(188, 207, 191); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_96950391\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 65, 51); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_5\" spellcheck=\"false\">Avantages<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_92658701\" class=\"td_class_92658701 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(161, 76, 76); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_92658701\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 2px 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_6\" spellcheck=\"false\">Inconv\u00e9nients<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_69157890\" class=\"td_class_69157890 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(188, 207, 191); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_69157890\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 65, 51); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_7\" spellcheck=\"false\">Avantages<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_22792485\" class=\"td_class_22792485 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(161, 76, 76); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_22792485\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_8\" spellcheck=\"false\">Inconv\u00e9nients<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"desktop-view tr_class_8139039\" id=\"tr_id_8139039\" data-draggable=\"true\"><td id=\"td_id_57944755\" class=\"td_class_57944755 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_57944755\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_9\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Proc\u00e9dure plus simple, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">en particulier en cas <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">d\u2019exp\u00e9rience dans <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">l\u2019intubation avec une sonde <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">endotrach\u00e9ale.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_16425210\" class=\"td_class_16425210 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_16425210\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_10\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">L\u2019utilisation d\u2019un ballon <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Ambu peut entra\u00eener des <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">l\u00e9sions pulmonaires.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_10664486\" class=\"td_class_10664486 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_10664486\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_11\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Permet une respiration<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">s pontan\u00e9e avec une <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">assistance par CPAP.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_80598816\" class=\"td_class_80598816 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_80598816\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_12\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">N\u00e9cessite davantage <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">d\u2019exp\u00e9rience si elle est <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">r\u00e9alis\u00e9e avec une sonde <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">souple et fine et une pince <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">de Magill.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"desktop-view tr_class_3272363\" id=\"tr_id_3272363\" data-draggable=\"true\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><td id=\"td_id_84988559\" class=\"td_class_84988559 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_84988559\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_13\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Garantie l\u2019administration <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">dans les voies respiratoires, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">car la position de la sonde <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">endotrach\u00e9ale peut \u00eatre <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_15079868\" class=\"td_class_15079868 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_15079868\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_14\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\" data-mce-style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Si une sonde endotrach\u00e9ale<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\" data-mce-style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u00e0 simple lumi\u00e8re est<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\" data-mce-style=\"font-size: 15px;\">utilis\u00e9e, la ventilation<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\" data-mce-style=\"font-size: 15px;\">est interrompue pendant<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\" data-mce-style=\"font-size: 15px;\">l\u2019administration du<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\" data-mce-style=\"font-size: 15px;\">surfactant.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_76941656\" class=\"td_class_76941656 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_76941656\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_15\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Technique d\u2019administration <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">de surfactant moins <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">invasive : pas d\u2019intubation <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">par sonde endotrach\u00e9ale.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_52873413\" class=\"td_class_52873413 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_52873413\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body mce-edit-focus\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_16\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">En cas de complications, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">une ventilation au ballon<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">et au masque peut s\u2019av\u00e9rer <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">n\u00e9cessaire.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"desktop-view tr_class_5470883\" id=\"tr_id_5470883\" data-draggable=\"true\"><td id=\"td_id_99100046\" class=\"td_class_99100046 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_99100046\"><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_91294653\" class=\"td_class_91294653 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_91294653\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_17\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Une extubation pr\u00e9coce <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">peut s\u2019av\u00e9rer difficile, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">en particulier chez les <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">nourrissons instables.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_92294760\" class=\"td_class_92294760 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_92294760\"><div class=\"single-item other-item\" data-draggable=\"true\"><div class=\"ntb-datas-wrapper\" style=\"margin: 1px;\"><span data-v-bd450b80=\"\" data-placeholder=\"Add New\" class=\"hover-item mce-content-body\" style=\"padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; display: block; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 1); opacity: 1; line-height: 1.2; position: relative;\" id=\"mce_18\" spellcheck=\"false\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Soutenue par les <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">recommandations d\u2019utiliser <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">une ventilation non invasive<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">(CPAP) pendant la transition <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u00e0 la naissance chez les <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">nouveau-n\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td id=\"td_id_17158830\" class=\"td_class_17158830 table-data\" rowspan=\"1\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; max-width: 200px; min-width: 200px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><div id=\"cell_17158830\"><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/INSURE-VS-LISA-INFOGRAFICS-FR.pdf\">T\u00c9L\u00c9CHARGER<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00e9sultats cliniques de la technique LISA r\u00e9cente&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Des donn\u00e9es r\u00e9centes d\u00e9montrent de mani\u00e8re coh\u00e9rente que la <strong>m\u00e9thode LISA offre des avantages clairs et constants<\/strong>, en particulier chez les extr\u00eames pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chez les nourrissons n\u00e9s avant 28 semaines, la m\u00e9thode LISA est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 <strong>une r\u00e9duction du recours \u00e0 la ventilation m\u00e9canique au cours des 72 premi\u00e8res heures de vie<sup>6<\/sup>. <\/strong>Cet avantage est confirm\u00e9 par une analyse syst\u00e9matique, selon laquelle une intubation au cours des 72 premi\u00e8res heures n&#8217;a \u00e9t\u00e9 n\u00e9cessaire que chez<strong> 18,7 % <\/strong>des nourrissons trait\u00e9s par LISA, contre<strong> 30,6 % <\/strong>de ceux pris en charge par INSURE<sup>7<\/sup>. Outre l&#8217;am\u00e9lioration de la stabilit\u00e9 respiratoire pr\u00e9coce, le protocole LISA montre <strong>une am\u00e9lioration des r\u00e9sultats en termes de morbidit\u00e9 et de survie<\/strong>. Les recommandations europ\u00e9ennes font \u00e9tat de taux plus faibles de dysplasie bronchopulmonaire (DBP), d&#8217;h\u00e9morragie intraventriculaire (HIV) grave et de mortalit\u00e9 en comparaison directe avec la m\u00e9thode INSURE<sup>1<\/sup>. Cette tendance est encore illustr\u00e9e par les r\u00e9sultats concernant le d\u00e9c\u00e8s ou la DBP, qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duits \u00e0<strong> 12,4 % <\/strong>avec la m\u00e9thode LISA, contre<strong> 23,6 % <\/strong>avec la m\u00e9thode INSURE<sup>7<\/sup>. Ces am\u00e9liorations s\u2019inscrivent dans le principe bien \u00e9tabli selon lequel la limitation de la ventilation invasive <strong>contribue \u00e0 pr\u00e9venir les complications pulmonaires \u00e0 long terme<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au-del\u00e0 des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices imm\u00e9diats, plusieurs \u00e9tudes soulignent les effets \u00e0 long terme de la m\u00e9thode LISA, en particulier chez les nouveau-n\u00e9s les plus pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s. Les nouveau-n\u00e9s trait\u00e9s par LISA pr\u00e9sentent \u00ab <strong>des taux plus faibles d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nements respiratoires d\u00e9favorables au cours de leurs deux premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es de vie \u00bb<sup>8<\/sup>, <\/strong>ainsi que <strong>de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9veloppement neurologique<sup>9<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De plus, la m\u00e9thode LISA a \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9e \u00e0 <strong>une augmentation de la survie chez les extr\u00eames pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s<sup>10<\/sup><\/strong>, certaines \u00e9tudes mettant en \u00e9vidence les effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques, tels que la r\u00e9duction de l\u2019IVH s\u00e9v\u00e8re<sup>11<\/sup>. Un rapport souligne m\u00eame un taux \u00e9lev\u00e9 de survie <strong>sans complications graves, d\u2019autant plus remarquable qu\u2019un nourrisson sur trois \u00e9tait n\u00e9 avant 24 semaines<sup>11<\/sup>.<\/strong> Dans l&#8217;ensemble, ces r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que les avantages de la LISA vont au-del\u00e0 de la stabilisation respiratoire imm\u00e9diate et peuvent influencer positivement les r\u00e9sultats cliniques et le d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 plus long terme. En particulier, les nourrissons n\u00e9s \u00e0 25 et 26 semaines ont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 un meilleur d\u00e9veloppement neurologique, et ceux n\u00e9s \u00e0 23 et 24 semaines ont montr\u00e9 une am\u00e9lioration du<strong> d\u00e9veloppement psychomoteur <\/strong>deux ans apr\u00e8s avoir re\u00e7u un traitement par surfactant bas\u00e9 sur la m\u00e9thode LISA<sup>12<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Plusieurs \u00e9tudes soulignent \u00e9galement que <strong>la LISA peut \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9e dans les protocoles de routine des unit\u00e9s de soins intensifs n\u00e9onatals (USIN) <\/strong>et qu&#8217;elle fonctionne de mani\u00e8re fiable m\u00eame dans les centres ne disposant pas de programmes de formation formalis\u00e9s<sup>6<\/sup>. <strong>Son adoption continue de se d\u00e9velopper \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9chelle internationale<\/strong>, de nombreuses unit\u00e9s de soins intensifs n\u00e9onatals (USIN) int\u00e9grant cette technique malgr\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rences notables dans les dispositifs utilis\u00e9s et les types de cath\u00e9ters employ\u00e9s<sup>4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"724\" src=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/Clinical-benefits-of-the-LISA-method-FR-1024x724.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-54207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/Clinical-benefits-of-the-LISA-method-FR-980x693.png 980w, https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/Clinical-benefits-of-the-LISA-method-FR-480x339.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons alignwide is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/campusvygon.com\/global\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/04\/Clinical-benefits-of-the-LISA-method-FR.pdf\">T\u00c9L\u00c9CHARGER<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion : une approche centr\u00e9e sur le patient<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que les donn\u00e9es actuelles favorisent syst\u00e9matiquement la m\u00e9thode LISA pour r\u00e9duire la ventilation m\u00e9canique et am\u00e9liorer les r\u00e9sultats n\u00e9onatals, <strong>le choix entre la m\u00e9thode LISA et l\u2019INSURE doit toujours rester individualis\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces techniques ne s\u2019excluent pas mutuellement et chacune a un r\u00f4le bien d\u00e9fini. <strong>Les caract\u00e9ristiques du patient (\u00e2ge gestationnel, \u00e9tat de stabilit\u00e9, anatomie des voies respiratoires, effort respiratoire) doivent guider le choix<\/strong>. Le contexte clinique, l\u2019expertise de l\u2019\u00e9quipe et l\u2019\u00e9quipement disponible sont tout aussi d\u00e9terminants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les \u00e9quipes soignantes sont encourag\u00e9es \u00e0 maintenir leurs comp\u00e9tences tant en LISA qu&#8217;en INSURE tout en affinant les crit\u00e8res de s\u00e9lection sp\u00e9cifiques au patient. La r\u00e9vision des protocoles locaux, la participation \u00e0 une formation continue et la promotion de discussions multidisciplinaires contribueront \u00e0 garantir que chaque b\u00e9b\u00e9 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie de la strat\u00e9gie d&#8217;administration de surfactant la plus appropri\u00e9e et la plus s\u00fbre. En se tenant inform\u00e9es des nouvelles donn\u00e9es et en \u00e9valuant en permanence la pratique clinique, les \u00e9quipes des unit\u00e9s de soins intensifs n\u00e9onatals peuvent optimiser les r\u00e9sultats et contribuer \u00e0 faire progresser les normes de soins pour les pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bibliographie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>European Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Respiratory DistressSyndrome: 2022 Update<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ara\u00fajo, V., da Silva, R. A., Pereira, M. O., Machado, C., &amp; Raposo, F. (2024). Surfactant administration in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome: Lisa versus insure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS, 6(2), 182-190.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IMPORTANCE OF SURFACTANT IN NEONATAL PATIENTS Laura S\u00e1nchez<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Costa, S. D., Faria, S. S., Ferraz, C., &amp; Azevedo, A. (2025). MIST\/LISA in Portugal: National Survey of Clinical Practice. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kuitunen, I., &amp; R\u00e4s\u00e4nen, K. (2024). Less invasive surfactant administration compared to intubation, surfactant, rapid extubation method in preterm neonates: an umbrella review. Neonatology, 121(4), 485-493<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Heiring, C., Hedegaard, S. S., Carlsen, E. M., Kristensen, R., Breindahl, N., Schmidt, C., &#8230; &amp; Aunsholt, L. (2025). Less Invasive Surfactant Administration Versus Intubate\u2010Surfactant\u2010Extubate: Associated With Reduced Mechanical Ventilation in Extremely Preterm Infants. Acta Paediatrica, 114(8), 1868-1876.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Abdel-Latif ME, Davis PG, Wheeler KI, De Paoli AG, Dargaville PA. Surfactant therapy via thin catheter in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2021, Issue 5. Art. No.: CD011672. DOI: 10.1002\/14651858.CD011672.pub2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dargaville PA, Kamlin COF, Orsini F, Wang X, De Paoli AG, Kanmaz Kutman HG, Cetinkaya M, Kornhauser-Cerar L, Derrick M, \u00d6zkan H, Hulzebos CV, Schm\u00f6lzer GM, Aiyappan A, Lemyre B, Kuo S, Rajadurai VS, O\u2019Shea J, Biniwale M, Ramanathan R, Kushnir A, Bader D, Thomas MR, Chakraborty M, Buksh MJ, Bhatia R, Sullivan CL, Shinwell ES, Dyson A, Barker DP, Kugelman A, Donovan TJ, Goss KCW, Tauscher MK, Murthy V, Ali SKM, Clark HW, Soll RF, Johnson S, Cheong JLY, Carlin JB, Davis PG; OPTIMIST-A Trial Investigators. Two-Year Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants: Follow-Up of the OPTIMIST-A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2023 Sep 19;330(11):1054-1063. doi: 10.1001\/ jama.2023.15694. PMID: 37695601; PMCID: PMC10495923.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kakkilaya V, Gautham KS. Should less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) become routine practice in US neonatal units? Pediatr Res. 2023 Apr;93(5):1188-1198. doi: 10.1038\/ s41390-022-02265-8. Epub 2022 Aug 19. PMID: 35986148; PMCID: PMC9389478.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u00e4rtel C, Herting E, Humberg A, Hanke K, Mehler K, Keller T, Mauer I, Frieauff E, Meyer S, Thome UH, Wieg C, Schmidtke S, Kribs A, G\u00f6pel W; German Neonatal Network. Association of Administration of Surfactant Using Less Invasive Methods With Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants Less Than 27 Weeks of Gestation. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Aug 1;5(8):e2225810. doi: 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.25810. Erratum in: JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Apr 3;6(4):e2312619. doi: 10.1001\/ jamanetworkopen.2023.12619. PMID: 35943742; PMCID: PMC9364126.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klein R, Fastnacht L, Kribs A, Kuehne B, Mehler K. LISA Eligibility and LISA Success in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Single-Center Experience. Neonatology. 2024;121(4):530-535. doi: 10.1159\/000537904. Epub 2024 Apr 10. PMID: 38599191; PMCID: PMC11318578.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mehler K, Broer A, Roll C, G\u00f6pel W, Wieg C, Jahn P, Teig N, H\u00f6hn T, Welzing L, Vochem M, Hoppenz M, B\u00fchrer C, Franklin J, Roth B, Herting E, Kribs A. Developmental outcome of extremely preterm infants is improved after less invasive surfactant application: Developmental outcome after LISA. Acta Paediatr. 2021 Mar;110(3):818-825. doi: 10.1111\/apa.15565. Epub 2020 Sep 25. PMID: 32892376.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chaque jour, dans les unit\u00e9s de soins intensifs n\u00e9onatals, les cliniciens sont confront\u00e9s au d\u00e9fi de soutenir le syst\u00e8me respiratoire fragile des pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s. 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